Name(s):
Plastic surgery without medical justification
Unnecessary breast enlargement
Nature
Major reshaping of face and other cosmetic surgery which requires bone removal or skin grafting is usually done under full anaesthetic and requires considerable time for healing. Many minor procedures are now often carried out under local anaesthetic and may includes (a) forehead smoothing (one technique uses botulin toxin, otherwise used for chemical warfare, which freezes the muscles for several month so that the frown lines drop out); (b) hand surgery, which plumps out claw hands with fat transferred from buttocks, thighs, calves or abdomen; (c) ear pinning, to reduce protruding ears (particularly used for children); (d) permanent colouration, in which a range of pigments can be introduced into the top layer of skin; (e) implants and augmentation (with silicone, collagen, or own- fat transfer) to plump up breasts and pectoral muscles (men), thighs, lips, chin, eye furrows, acne pits and wrinkled areas; (f) fat and cellulite removal by liposuction and/or melting techniques; (g) vein removal or sclerotherapy -- glycerine injections to flush out and seal thread veins and varicose veins; (h) hair transplants, in which punch grafts of living hair follicles are removed from the back and sides of the head and moved to the dome; (i) penis extensions and implants; (j) skin tucking for face-lifts and eyelids; (k) skin peeling or dermabrasion to removed surface skin imperfections and sun damaged skin; (l) nose remodelling; and (m) breast reduction. Most treatments cost a minimum of around $2,000; breast operation, the most common are around a minimum $5,000.
Claim
The new breed of woman to which men are imprinted, and women compare themselves, is a hybrid non-woman. In 1989, five Miss America contestants were reconstructed by a single plastic surgeon. Many fashion models now regard a session with the plastic surgeon as part of their job requirement. Adjustable breast transplants even allow women to be adapted for sexual partners' preferences.
Counter-claim
Surgery can amount to a psychological metamorphosis. It is not a question of rich women chasing eternal youth. Most of the patients are very ordinary. They have saved up a great deal to deal with a specific deformity. Or they want to deal with facial sagging, which affects women faster than men and erodes their confidence.