Cheetah numbers have plummeted in the last 50 years due to loss of habitat, high cub mortality from predators, and conflicts with humans. Cheetahs are also imperiled by a "genetic bottleneck" or lack of genetic variety, which makes the species particularly vulnerable to disease and reproductive problems.
Background:
The most primitive of all cats, evolving some 18 million years ago, the cheetah is a tall, slim, long-legged cat, built along the lines of the greyhound. Its claws are only semi-retractable, and it has a distinctly dog-like muzzle.