Non-corporate decision making Insider policy-making Policy-making conspiracy Unrepresentative policy makers Undemocratic government decision-making Restricted access to policy formulation processes Lack of organized participation Non-participative decision-making Exclusion from participation in decision-making Inequitable decision making Political exclusion
Incidence:
There was no proper public discussion, not even a congressional discussion, of the presidential decision to send US Marines into Somalia in 1992. The decision was executed within a few days and most Americans heard about it on the television news.