Threatened sand dune habitats

Threatened sand dune habitats refer to the precarious condition of unique ecosystems found in coastal areas that are at risk of degradation, destruction, or alteration due to various factors. Sand dunes, formed by the accumulation of wind-blown sand, are home to a diverse range of specialized plant and animal species that have adapted to the harsh conditions of these environments. However, human activities, such as urbanization, tourism, agriculture, and climate change, pose significant threats to these habitats. Construction projects, invasive species, sand extraction, and erosion caused by sea-level rise and storms further exacerbate the vulnerability of sand dune habitats. The loss or degradation of these habitats can lead to a decline in biodiversity, disrupt ecological balance, and impact the natural protection provided by dunes against coastal erosion and flooding.

Sand dune habitats worldwide are facing a significant threat. According to a global assessment, nearly 30% of sand dune ecosystems have been lost over the past century, resulting in the destruction of vital habitats for numerous species. Moreover, the rate of degradation is accelerating, with estimates suggesting that an additional 2% of sand dunes are being lost each year. These dwindling habitats are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including unique and endemic species. The loss of sand dunes not only disrupts these fragile ecosystems but also leads to increased vulnerability to coastal erosion and reduced resilience against climate change impacts.