Inadequate correctional systems

As regards national correctional systems, there appears to be a great need for the de-institutionalization of offenders, while at the same time ensuring the protection of the fundamental human rights of the accused and the upgrading of the training and professional qualifications of correctional personnel. The need for de-institutionalization of offenders, in many countries, can be attributed to judicial delay arising from, for example: complexities of and contradictions in the legal system; lack of alternatives to incarceration; population and prison growth; migration problems; lack of legal services. Another shortcoming of some correctional systems is the lack of diagnostic centres for observation and classification, a requisite for ensuring the progressive rehabilitation of offenders.