Modern biotechnology has far reaching applications for agriculture, chemical processing, human and animal health, and environmental management, and represent some of the fastest growing industries in the world. However, the release of genetically modified organisms into the environment raises many questions about safety, ecological and agricultural impacts, genetic diversity, socio-economic effects, and the appropriateness of using genetically engineered organisms in particular applications. Many concerns relate to the nature of the risks involved, which are often difficult to predict and determine. Complex relationships exist between inserted genes and other genes, and between genes and the biochemistry of cells and organisms. If not controlled and monitored, genetic engineering risks triggering a cascade of uncertain effects and reducing natural biodiversity.