Globally speaking biological diversity means the variety of life on earth. The concept was consecrated at the [UN Conference on Environment and Development] (UNCED) (Rio de Janeiro, 1992), where its importance was universally recognized through the approval of the [Convention on Biological Diversity] . The concept of biodiversity is a "cosmogonic" concept. Its importance resides in its capacity to concentrate the attention of all parties concerned on the risk of its loss. At the same time it obliges States, Governments and in general all decision makers and the public to try to protect it through the global effort towards what is called "Sustainable Development".