Illicit trade in prescribed drugs

There are hundreds of different kinds designated psychotropic, which range from tranquillisers like valium and librium to hallucinogens including LSD, barbiturates (downers) and stimulants (uppers) such as amphetamine, known universally as 'speed'. Although many are legally prescribed, several are banned or in heavily restricted official use in most countries, notably the hallucinogen family of which LSD is the father, and hypnotics (used as sleep aids) such as Mandrex. All of them figure in widespread abuse in the Third World, often in tandem with traditional home-grown drugs such as cannabis or opiates. Although a convention on psychotropic substances was adopted in Vienna in 1971, aimed at controlling the manufacture and trade of some of the most dangerous substances, many important manufacturing countries including Britain, Switzerland, Italy and Japan, have not yet signed it. The pharmaceutical industry has often lobbied against curbs and drug control agencies have been reluctant to identify and blacklist companies that do not adequately police the distribution of their products.