Arbitrary standards of evidence

Name(s): 
Variations in requirements for proof
Nature 
The kinds of facts or evidence required to establish proof of the existence of a problem tend to vary across disciplines and social sectors. Such proof will clearly be resisted by authorities who need to protect their vested interests by denying the phenomenon as long as possible. A principal means of doing so is to impose stringent standards of proof, possibly much higher than those otherwise practised within that jurisdiction.
Incidence 
There have been many delays in officially recognizing environmental problems because of inability to establish "a link" between supposed causes and effects. Examples have included: emissions and acid rain, smoking and lung cancer, traffic emissions and ill-health.
Broader 
Demanding requirements
Narrower 
Food health standards of convenience
Aggravates 
Non-verifiability
Wrongful executions
Fragmentation of evidence [in 4 loops]
Arbitrary enforcement of regulations [in 5 loops]
Abuse of public trust by statutory professions [in 4 loops]
Excessive bureaucratic requirements for welfare benefits [in 2 loops]
Graymail [in 2 loops]
Aggravated by 
False evidence
Politicization of health standards
Resistance to internationally agreed standards
Jurisdictional conflict among academic disciplines
Inadmissability of evidence from other jurisdictions
Strategy(ies) 
Defining standards of evidence
Value(s) 
Arbitrary
Type 
(F) Fuzzy exceptional problems