Human intrusion into the Arctic via intensive whaling and sealing hunts, started in the 17th and 18th centuries led to extensive hunting of polar bears. Exploitation of the minerals and fossil fuels in the Arctic pose a continuing threat through habitat disturbance and degradation from pollution associated with these industries.
Thalarctos maritimus is considered as "Lower Risk" sub-category "conservation dependent" by the IUCN. CITES lists the species as "Appendix 2.