Hunting pressure for its valuable fur has decimated many populations of Desmana moschata. Water pollution however is the biggest killer along with pressure from the creation of impoundments, drainage, clearance of riparian vegetation, entanglement in fishing nets and competition for breeding sites with introduced species of nutria and muskrats.
The population of Desmana moschata is estimated to be 40,000 to 50,000 animals.
Desmana moschata is considered as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN.