Religious repression includes confiscation of church property, banning and exile of religious orders, trial, imprisonment and execution of the clergy, and the banning and burning of religious books. It also includes persecution of adherents to the religion in question, general religious discrimination, religious war and mass murder.
Religious repression exists overtly in countries where ideology is contrary to religion (for example, in communist countries) and less overtly in countries where one religion strongly predominates and, by influence over the law and other social and political institutions, excludes the place in society of others.