The extraction and utilization of natural resources, and the making of decisions concerning their use, are inhibited because technology, systems and procedures for extracting and utilizing resources are not equitably distributed nor does their development respond to need. This absence of a global sharing in technology and in the transfer and coordination of skills results in inefficient production and consequent waste of natural resources.
There exists a range of relatively low-cost raw materials which are not exploited and for which high cost alternatives are employed or developed. Once commercial interests are organized to manufacture the higher cost alternatives, there is considerable pressure against any attempt to develop the use of the cheaper alternatives.
Examples of underused plant resources include rice bran and the water hyacinth.