Although it is generally recognized that the participation of everyone, particularly of the young and the old, is vitally important in the planning and implementation of socio-economic programmes, few communities accomplish this end. Social patterns may have been well-defined for several generations, but contemporary living has transformed these forms and they have not been replaced. Effective community engagement requires that dynamic role systems for everyone are woven into the patterns of daily life.
Lack of participation in activities relating to community life and welfare, leads to the alienation of certain sections of society, lack of social unity within the community, unequal treatment of sections of society, and general social and political alienation through lack of contact.