Connected with bad housing, both as cause and effect, is the shiftlessness of a large proportion of many new urban populations. Where housing conditions are unsuited to family life, the worker is discouraged from bringing his family into the industrial area; he does not feel permanently settled in the area of his place of work and remains tied to his former community. Even when there are housing opportunities, industrial workers of peasant origin often fail to become integrated and assimilated into modern urban society and the stream of urban life; instead they tend to form a sub-culture of low status, living separately in special quarters and pursuing a mode of life that is half urban, half rural.