Many groups concerned with promoting local participation use methods of social change and internal decision-making which actually mediate against such participation. In the arena of the maintenance of social tranquility, many groups have emerged since World War II concerned with providing meaningful ways for citizens to participate locally and nationally. One after another, however, these movements and organizations dissolve, either overcome by the complexity of the problem or finding their energies drained in responding to one local issue after another. In some cases, such as IRA, KKK, such groups may become more repressive and threatening to social order than the forces they sought to ameliorate.