Problem
Restrictive cross-licensing agreements
Other Names:
Exclusive patent pools Nature:
Restrictions on territories, quantities, prices, customers or markets arising out of patent pool or cross-licensing agreements or other international transfer of technology interchange arrangements among technology suppliers which unduly limit access to new technological developments or which would result in an abusive domination of an industry or market with adverse effects on the transfer of technology, except for those restrictions appropriate and ancillary to co-operative arrangements such as co-operative research arrangements.
Broader Problems:
Increasing intra-firm tradeRestrictive business practices in relation to patents and trademarks Narrower Problems:
Unreasonable licensing restrictions Related Problems:
Collusive tenderingGrant-back provisionsExclusive dealing arrangementsRestrictions on use of personnelRestrictions on technology adaptationsRestrictions on technology research and developmentRestrictive business practices relating to publicityTrade restrictions due to voluntary export restraintsTying of supplies to subsidiaries by transnational enterprisesRestrictive business practices limiting challenges to validityExclusive sales and representation agreements in transfer of technologyImposition of payment obligations after expiration of industrial property rights Subject(s):
Commerce → Purchasing, supplyingLaw → Agreements
Research, Standards → Patents, copyright
Societal Problems → Deprivation
Societal Problems → Restrictions
Related UN Sustainable Development Goals:
Problem Type:
E: Emanations of other problems Date of last update
04.10.2020 – 22:48 CEST